The human capital
According to the post Census ISTAT 2011 data processing, in Sardinia live 1,663,286 inhabitants as of 31 December 2014, an increase compared to 2001.
The demographic trend has been increasing until 31 December 2013, while a slight decrease was found in 2014 (-573 units) thanks to the constantly positive values of the migratory balance, a sign that the island manages to be attractive over time for the settlement of new residents. This is mainly a foreigners migration: foreigners resident in Sardinia on 1 January 2015 are 45,079 and represent 2.7% of the resident population. According to ISTAT forecasts, from now until 2050 they will grow by an average of 3.5% per year and citizenship acquisitions will increase by 2.2%.
The demographic structure is characterized by a greater concentration of the female component in the central age groups, especially in those related to the working age population.
In the land studied for the high longevity rate, the average age of the population in 2016 is 45.7 years, the old-age index is growing, while the trend of the old-age dependency ratio remains contained, indicating how much the older age groups weigh on the working population.
Main demographic dynamics:
| 2016 | Sardinia |
Italy |
| birth rate (per thousand inhabitants) | 6,4 | 7,8 |
| mortality rate (per thousand inhabitants) | 9,8 | 10,1 |
| natural growth rate (per thousand inhabitants) | -3,4 | -2,3 |
| population 15-64 years (percentage values) - on 1 January | 66,1 | 64,3 |
| average age of the population - on 1 January | 45,7 | 44,7 |
Percentage distribution of households based on main source of income and year
|
2013 |
2014 | |||
| Sardinia | Italy | Sardinia | Italy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| employee work | 42,2 | 44,2 | 43 | 45,1 |
| self-employment | 9,7 | 13,2 | 10,1 | 12,5 |
| public relocations | 45 | 40,3 | 45,3 | 40,4 |
| capital and other income | - | 2,3 | - | 1,9 |
In Sardinia the number of people obtaining a university degree grows and the level of school education of the adult population is among the highest in Italy (53.5% compared to a national average of 44%)
|
Population > 15 years per qualification (thousands of units) |
||
| 2014 | 2015 | |
| doctorate, graduation and university degree | 148 | 165 |
| diploma 4-5 years ( high school diploma) | 380 | 397 |
| diploma 2-3 years (professional qualification) | 37 | 32 |
Employees in the 25-64 age group make relatively more use of training and education than in other regions: 6.1% compared to 4.2% in Southern Italy and 5.4% in Italy. This phenomenon is even more relevant for the non-employed (unemployed and first-time unemployed) in the same age group. In 2011 they were 8%.
Following a long industrial, manufacturing and agricultural tradition, in Sardinia there is a system of professional and practical skills able to meet the needs of the workforce in all productive sectors.
For advanced training, the Region of Sardinia, within the framework of the ESF (European Social Fund) Operational Programme, has promoted a series of initiatives aimed at the qualification of human capital.
Educational centers:
University of Sassari Innovation and enterprise
Technology Transfer Office of the University of Sassari
Incubator of the University of Sassari CUBACT
Olbia University Pole - Degree Course in Tourism Economics and Management